US and Japanese researchers Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi just won the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for uncovering how the body keeps its immune system from attacking itself.
The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm announced the award on Monday. Brunkow, a senior program manager at the Institute for Systems Biology in Seattle, and Ramsdell, a scientific adviser at Sonoma Biotherapeutics in San Francisco, joined Sakaguchi of Osaka University in Japan. Together, they revealed the science behind peripheral immune tolerance, the process that lets the immune system tell friend from foe and prevents diseases like multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes.
Their breakthrough offers new hope for treating autoimmune conditions and could change how researchers design future therapies. Each laureate will receive 11 million Swedish kronor, split evenly among the three scientists.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded 115 times to 229 scientists since 1901. Last year’s winners, Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun, were honored for discovering microRNAs—tiny genetic switches that control cell behavior.
Winning laureates will share their prize during the award ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death. The Nobel Peace Prize will be announced on Friday, with the economics prize next Monday.
Source: aninews
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